Overview
TNF (formerly known as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) is one of the most important signaling proteins (cytokines) of the immune system. It coordinates the body’s inflammatory response to infections and injuries.
6p21.33 (Chromosome 6)
Immune System
Complex
A allele: ~15-20% of the European population
Function & Significance
TNF acts as an “alarm button” for the immune system. When released, it triggers cascades that activate defense cells and initiate inflammatory processes. While this is vital for survival in the short term, permanently elevated production of TNF can lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
⚠️ Chronic Inflammation
Certain genetic variants can cause the body to release TNF faster or in larger quantities, which can increase susceptibility to inflammatory conditions.
🧬 Relevant SNP: rs1800629
This SNP is located in the promoter region (the “control unit”) of the TNF gene and influences how much protein is produced:
6:31575254
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Interpretation:
G: The more common variant with “normal” production.
A: Associated with increased binding of transcription factors and higher TNF secretion. Carriers of the A allele may exhibit a stronger inflammatory tendency when stimulated.
📚 Data Sources
- OMIM: #191160 – Tumor Necrosis Factor; TNF
- dbSNP: rs1800629
- ClinVar: Variants with clinical significance in immunology.
Biological Function
Associated Conditions
Analyzed Markers
TNF-308G>A - A-allele associated with increased TNF production and stronger inflammatory responses.